Moving to American Samoa: What You Need to Know

Imagine waking up to the sound of waves crashing on the shores of a lush, green island in the middle of the Pacific. American Samoa offers this paradise, but can you just pack up and move there? The answer is complex. American Samoa is an unincorporated territory of the United States, meaning it follows U.S. laws but also maintains its own local customs and regulations. Unlike Hawaii or Puerto Rico, American Samoa has stricter immigration rules and limits on who can move there permanently.

Let’s start with the basics: U.S. citizens can live in American Samoa, but it’s not as simple as moving to another state. You will need to navigate the local immigration system, which includes obtaining a residency permit. Why is it so complicated? American Samoa operates under its own immigration policies, separate from mainland U.S. jurisdictions. The main goal of these policies is to protect the Samoan way of life and maintain the integrity of communal land ownership, which is central to their culture.

Getting Residency in American Samoa

While U.S. citizens don’t need a passport to travel to American Samoa, they will need to apply for a residency permit if they plan to stay longer than 30 days. The process involves submitting paperwork, proof of financial stability, and often getting approval from local chiefs, known as "matai." This is because land ownership in American Samoa is very different from what U.S. citizens might be used to—almost all land is owned by families and is not for sale to outsiders.

Here’s what you need to secure residency:

• Application Form: You will need to fill out a residency application available from the local Department of Legal Affairs.
• Proof of Income: To demonstrate you can support yourself, a minimum annual income or proof of a job offer in American Samoa is required.
• Health and Background Checks: Expect thorough health and background checks as part of the application process.
• Approval from Matai: Often, you will need approval from a local matai (chief) to live in certain areas, especially if you want to lease land.

The residency permit process can take several months, so patience and planning are crucial. This is not the kind of move that can be made on a whim.

The Cultural Landscape

American Samoa is deeply rooted in Fa'a Samoa, which means "The Samoan Way." This cultural structure places a strong emphasis on family, respect, and the communal sharing of resources. As a newcomer, you will need to respect and adapt to these traditions, or you may find yourself on the outside of island life.

One of the most distinctive aspects of life in American Samoa is its communal land ownership system. About 90% of the land is communally owned, and it’s impossible for outsiders to purchase land. This is where the matai system comes into play. Matai, or village chiefs, manage these communal lands and make decisions on behalf of their extended families. To lease land, you will need to go through the matai, and there are no guarantees that an outsider will be approved for a long-term lease.

For those used to the fast-paced, individualistic life of the mainland U.S., adjusting to Fa'a Samoa can be a significant challenge. However, for those seeking a quieter, community-oriented lifestyle, it can be incredibly rewarding. You will need to build relationships with the local community, attend village events, and actively participate in the culture.

Economic Opportunities in American Samoa

Job opportunities in American Samoa are somewhat limited, largely focused on government, education, and tuna canning industries. If you plan to move to American Samoa, securing employment before your move is highly recommended. Unlike in the mainland U.S., the economy here is heavily reliant on a few key industries, and wages tend to be lower.

That said, American Samoa does have some unique opportunities, especially in tourism and small business development. The territory is home to some of the most beautiful national parks in the Pacific, offering eco-tourism opportunities for entrepreneurs. If you have experience in this field, you might find a niche market waiting for you.

Additionally, because of the territory’s location, there’s a demand for services and goods that cater to both local residents and tourists. If you have a business idea that can fill a gap in the market, this could be a way to both support yourself and integrate into the community. However, it’s essential to understand that any business venture will need approval from local authorities and possibly the matai.

The Cost of Living

Living in American Samoa can be both affordable and expensive, depending on your lifestyle. Housing costs are generally low because of the communal land system, but imported goods—like food and electronics—can be costly. Since American Samoa is isolated, much of what is consumed on the island has to be shipped from elsewhere.

Here’s a quick breakdown:

• Rent: If you can lease land, rent is typically much lower than on the mainland U.S.
• Utilities: Water and electricity are more expensive due to the remote location.
• Groceries: Expect to pay a premium for anything that’s not locally produced.
• Healthcare: Healthcare services are available but can be limited, and for serious medical conditions, you might need to fly to Hawaii or the mainland U.S.

To offset these costs, many residents grow their own food or rely on local fishing and farming. Living off the land is a viable option if you’re ready to embrace a more self-sustaining lifestyle.

Legal Considerations

There are also some important legal distinctions to be aware of. While American Samoa is a U.S. territory, people born in American Samoa are considered U.S. nationals, not U.S. citizens. This means they can live and work in the U.S. but cannot vote in federal elections unless they obtain full U.S. citizenship.

If you plan to move to American Samoa, it’s critical to understand these legal nuances, especially if you’re considering long-term residency or citizenship. You’ll want to consult with local legal experts to navigate the complexities of the territory’s laws.

Can You Build a Life in American Samoa?

The answer depends on what you’re looking for. If you’re seeking a slower pace of life, a strong sense of community, and a connection to nature, American Samoa could be a great fit. However, if you’re accustomed to the convenience of mainland U.S. living, you may find the adjustment difficult. The challenges include navigating local customs, securing long-term residency, and finding employment.

That said, those who make the move often find that the rewards outweigh the difficulties. The sense of belonging, the beauty of the islands, and the chance to live a simpler, more grounded life can be priceless.

In summary, moving to American Samoa is not a straightforward process, and it’s not for everyone. But for those who are prepared to navigate the unique challenges, it offers a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to live in one of the most beautiful places on Earth.